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Juan RP 38a0a4eb53 xbps-src: add openrc_services trigger before system_users. 
Packages that use both will try to remove the system user when the openrc services
are launched, so they report "user still logged in" errors.

While being here remove unnecessary empty lines in the generated scripts.
 		2010-12-07 17:51:17 +01:00
srcpkgs kernel-snapshot: REMOVE: use -t arg in update-initramfs. 2010-12-07 16:45:11 +01:00
xbps-src xbps-src: add openrc_services trigger before system_users. 2010-12-07 17:51:17 +01:00
.hgignore Moved .gitignore to .hgignore and make it work. 2010-05-02 11:53:29 +02:00
README xbps-src: check for required utilities in the host system. 2010-05-17 22:23:52 +02:00
TODO TODO: XBPS_USE_CAPABILITIES is explained in README now. 2010-04-26 15:41:02 +02:00

README 

xbps-src - building packages from source
========================================

Introduction
------------
`xbps-src` is the utility used by the _X binary package system_ to build
binary packages from source distribution files. A root directory (`srcpkgs`)
contains multiple subdirs, each one to build a package as its name
indicates. The following directory structure illustrates it:
 +
.................................
  xbps-templates/
      |
      |-----srcpkgs/
               |
               |-----binutils/
               |-----gcc/
               |-----glibc/
..................................

A package subdirectory always has a `template` file, that are the
specifications to download and build the binary package from its source files.
Additionally some packages may have additional subdirs on it: `files`
and `patches`. The `files` subdir may contain configuration files, or
any other file required to build the package. The `patches` subdir contains
patches that are applied to the source before building.
 +

Some packages may provide `subpackages`; they are different binary packages
that are built from the same source package. Each `subpackage` in the directory
structure (as shown above) is a symlink to the `real` package subdir, like this:
 +
....................................
  srcpkgs/
     |
     |-----gcc/
     |-----libgomp -> gcc
     |-----libmudflap -> gcc
     |-----libstdc++ -> gcc
....................................

Each subpackage uses its own `template` build file that is contained in
the `real` package subdir, and they have exactly the same name than the
symlink pointing to the `real` package subdir. The following example
illustrates the structure used by the _udev_ package in the filesystem:
 +
.......................................
  srcpkgs/
    |
    |-----libgudev-devel -> udev
    |-----libgudev -> udev
    |-----libudev-devel -> udev
    |-----libudev -> udev
    |-----udev/
           |----template
           |----libgudev-devel.template
           |----libgudev.template
           |----libudev-devel.template
           |----libudev.template
.......................................
 +

Subpackages use a reduced version of the main `template` build file, because
the build and main install process is all done in the real `template` file.
Usually those `<subpkg>.template` files only move files and directories
to the `subpackage` destination directory, so they are always smaller.

Requirements
------------
The following software is required in the host system to install xbps-src
and its helpers:

 - GCC, make, sed and libcap (depelopment package and setcap(8) command).

To build binary packages with xbps-src also the following software needs
to be installed into the host system:

 - awk, bash, gcc c++, gettext, patch, texinfo, perl and fakeroot.
 - xbps static utilities, available from http://launchpad.net/xbps.

Additionally if you want to work as 'root':

 - sudo

Starting up
-----------
Firstly you'll have to download the `git` repository that contains `xbps-src`
and the build template files. To clone it with `git` use:

----------------------------------------------------
$ git clone git://repo.or.cz/xbps.git xbps-templates
----------------------------------------------------

`xbps-src` and its shell utilities need to be installed in a directory
for correct operation, that is accomplished by issuing:

--------------------------------------------------
$ cd xbps-templates/xbps-src && make install clean
--------------------------------------------------

This will install all files into `/usr/local` by default, can be changed
by specifying `PREFIX` and `DESTDIR` to make(1).

Building packages from source
-----------------------------
`xbps-src` always look for a `template` file in current directory, that's what
it specifies the package build definitions and such. The build templates
are located in the `srcpkgs` directory, you should change the cwd to the
directory matching the package that you want to work on, i.e for binutils,
its directory is `srcpkgs/binutils`.
 +
 +

If configuration file is not specified from the command line with the
`-c` flag, it will first try to use the default location at
`/usr/local/etc/xbps-src.conf` (or the installation prefix that was specified
to the make(1) command), and as last resort in the etc directory of the
current directory.
 +
 +

To avoid problems with libtool and configure scripts finding stuff that is
available in the host system, almost all packages must be built inside of a
chroot. So the first thing would be to create the required set of packages
that will be used in the chroot:

----------------------------------------------------------------
$ cd xbps-templates/srcpkgs/xbps-base-chroot && xbps-src install
----------------------------------------------------------------

This will build all required packages via fakeroot in masterdir, therefore you
can run it as normal user. Once 'xbps-src-chroot' has been built and installed
into the 'masterdir' all packages will be built inside of the chroot.
 +
 +

'xbps-src' supports building packages in the chroot with your normal user,
thanks to the *POSIX.1e Capabilities* support in the Linux kernel. To use this
the target filesystem must support *extended attributes*; right now they
are supported on almost all Linux filesytems, such as *ext2*, *ext3*, *ext4*,
*xfs*, and others. To enable this feature you have to uncomment the option
'XBPS_USE_CAPABILITIES' from *xbps-src.conf*. *PLEASE NOTE* that it's
commented out (disabled) by default.
 +
 +

I believe it's the most easier and faster way to handle clean dependencies;
another reason would be that xbps packages are meant to be used in a system and
not just for ordinary users. So once all packages are built, you can create and
enter to the chroot with:

----------------------
$ xbps-src chroot
----------------------

Press Control + D to exit from the chroot. The following targets will require
to be done in the chroot (_once xbps-base-chroot is installed_):
*build, configure, install and install-destdir*.
 +
 +

Now let's explain some more about the targets that you can use. To start
installing packages you should use the install target, all source packages
are located in the `srcpkgs` directory, so to install glib:

------------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src install
------------------------------------------

If the package is properly installed, it will be "stowned" automatically.
``stowned'' means that this package is available in the master directory,
on which xpbs has symlinked all files from DESTDIR/<pkgname>.
 +

To remove a currently installed (and stowned) package, you can use:

-----------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src remove
-----------------------------------------

Please note that when you remove it, the package will also be removed
from XBPS_DESTDIR and previously `unstowned`.
 +

To stow an already installed package (from XBPS_DESTDIR/<pkgname>):

---------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src stow
---------------------------------------

To unstow an already installed (stowned) package:

-----------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src unstow
-----------------------------------------

You can also print some stuff about any template build file, e.g:

---------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src info
---------------------------------------

To list installed (stowned) packages, use this:
---------------
$ xbps-src list
---------------

To only extract the distfiles, without configuring/building/installing:

------------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src extract
------------------------------------------

To not remove the build directory after successful installation:

---------------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src -C install
---------------------------------------------

To only fetch the distfile:
----------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src fetch
----------------------------------------

To only install the package, _without_ stowning it into the master directory:
--------------------------------------------------
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src install-destdir
--------------------------------------------------

To list files installed by a package, note that package must be installed
into destination directory first:
------------------------------
$ xbps-src listfiles <pkgname>
------------------------------

That should be enough to get you started. If you have any question or
suggestion about *xbps-src* and the build templates, don't forget that there
is a mailing list to talk about it on:

http://groups.google.com/xbps